What is the purpose of ACE inhibitors in cardiovascular treatment?

The role of ACE inhibitors in cardiovascular treatment is primarily to reduce peripheral vascular resistance, which leads to decreased blood pressure and less workload on the heart. These medications achieve this by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which decreases the production of angiotensin II, a powerful vasoconstrictor. As a result, blood vessels relax and expand, thereby lowering blood pressure and reducing the resistance the heart must overcome to pump blood.

In addition to lowering peripheral vascular resistance, ACE inhibitors also have beneficial effects on heart function and can improve outcomes in patients with heart failure and those with left ventricular dysfunction following a heart attack. By promoting vasodilation and reducing hypertension, ACE inhibitors help mitigate the risks of cardiovascular events, making them a crucial component in managing various heart conditions.