What is the formula for calculating cardiac output?

The formula for calculating cardiac output is represented as the product of heart rate and stroke volume. Cardiac output (CO) measures the volume of blood the heart pumps per minute and is a crucial parameter in assessing the efficiency of the cardiovascular system.

Heart rate (HR) is the number of heartbeats per minute, while stroke volume (SV) is the amount of blood ejected by the heart in each contraction. By multiplying these two values together, you get the total volume of blood that is circulated by the heart in one minute, which is essential for understanding overall blood flow and perfusion to the body's tissues.

This foundational formula is used in both clinical settings and academic studies, and it provides a clear and immediate insight into cardiac function. Understanding this relationship is critical for perfusionists, as it helps them make informed decisions during cardiac procedures and manage patient care effectively.