What is one consequence of plaque embolization during surgical procedures?

Plaque embolization during surgical procedures refers to the release of atherosclerotic plaque materials into the bloodstream, which can travel to various parts of the body. One significant consequence of this process is the increased risk of stroke. When plaque fragments dislodge and enter the cerebral circulation, they can occlude cerebral arteries, leading to a reduction or cessation of blood flow to specific brain regions. This obstruction can result in ischemic stroke, where brain cells are deprived of oxygen and nutrients, leading to potential neurological deficits or even death.

Understanding the mechanisms of plaque formation and the implications of embolization is crucial for cardiovascular perfusionists, as it highlights the potential dangers associated with surgical interventions in patients with existing vascular disease. Protecting patients from the risks associated with plaque embolization can inform surgical techniques and the use of protective measures during procedures.