What effect does overhydration have on the production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

Overhydration leads to an excess of water in the body, which dilutes the concentration of solutes in the blood. In response to this condition, the body regulates fluid balance through the antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin. When the body is overhydrated, the osmolarity of the blood decreases.

In this state, the hypothalamus senses the lower osmolarity and signals the posterior pituitary gland to reduce the secretion of ADH. Lower levels of ADH result in decreased reabsorption of water in the kidneys, leading to more dilute urine and facilitating the elimination of excess water from the body. This process helps restore osmotic balance and maintain homeostasis.

Thus, the correct answer reflects the physiological response where overhydration inhibits the production of ADH, allowing the body to excrete the surplus fluid effectively.